Kryvyy Rih, Ukraine

City in Ukraine

About Kryvyi Rih

Kryvyi Rih is a city in central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Kryvyi Rih Raion and its subordinate Kryvyi Rih urban hromada in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. The city is part of the Kryvyi Rih Metropolitan Region. Its population is estimated at 603,904, making it the seventh-most populous city in Ukraine and the second largest by area. Kryvyi Rih is claimed to be the longest city in Europe.

Etymology

Kryvyi Rih, which in Ukrainian literally means 'crooked horn' or 'curved cape', was the name originally given in the 18th century to the general area of the present city by Zaporozhian Cossacks. According to local legend, the first village in the area was founded by a "crooked" (Ukrainian slang for 'one-eyed') Cossack named Rih (literally, 'horn'). The name likely derives from the shape of the landmass formed by the confluence of the river Saksahan with the Inhulets.

History

In 1734 the Cossack Zaporozhian Sich (or Host) incorporated the area within the Inhul Palanka division of their de-facto republic. A list of villages and winter camps (zymivnyky) from that time mentions Kryvyi Rih. In 1770, Kryvyi Rih was again recorded as the camp of the Zaporozhian Sich. In May 1775, after the end of the Russian-Turkish War, Russian authorities established Kryvyi Rih as a staging post, in the tradition of the Mongol yam, on the roads to the Russian garrisons of Kremenchuk, Kinburn foreland and Ochakov. In August 1775, on the direct order of Catherine the Great, the Sich was forcibly dissolved. The Cossack lands were annexed to the Russian province of Novorossiya and distributed among the Russian and Ukrainian gentry. The early 19th century saw the construction of the first stone houses (1828), and three water mills. In 1860, the village was designated a township. …

Geography

Located 316 kilometres (200 mi) south of Kyiv, the city is the biggest by size within the Central Ukraine and being situated in the right-bank portion of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. In addition, the city is located right on the conditional border where Dnieper Upland transitions to Black Sea Lowland. The Dnieper Upland is part of the Ukrainian Crystalline Shield which in the region contains number of heavy metal deposits such as iron and uranium ores and hard rock deposits like granite. Combination of the crystalline shield with the near flowing river of Dnieper causes the plain-relief river looking as mountainous and running through rapids (Dnieper rapids). Also, the city is often claimed to be the longest in Europe. It is said up to 100 km or even 126 kilometres (78 mi) from north to south. …

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Culture

Kryvyi Rih has a thriving theatre, circus and dance scene, and is home to a number of large performance venues. There are also the Doll Theatre and Movement Theatre. The first theater was the Coliseum, built in 1908. The New Theatre of Vyzenberh and Hrushevskyy followed in 1911, at the corner of Lenina and Kalynychenko streets. Kryvbas Theatre began its activities in 1931, and three years later was incorporated with the Shevchenko Theater. Kryvyi Rih is noted as the birthplace Eugenie Gershoy. She emigrated to the United States with her family in 1903, and there became an American sculptor and watercolorist. Gershoy's work is in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Her papers are held at Syracuse University. …

Economy

In 2020 Kryvyi Rih's share of Ukraine's national GDP was about 7%. In mid-2014, Kryvyi Rih had an IPI of ₴41.6bn about $3bn, with 17.9% growth. Exports reached $2.520m (a 4.9% decrease), Import – $276m. The city has received $4.899m of foreign investments, mainly from Germany, Cyprus, Netherlands, and the UK. The average wage in September 2021 was ₴10.258 ($384). Official unemployment throughout 2018 averaged 0.95%. Processing and the mining industry – are the two largest sectors of Kryvyi Rih's economy. Rest fraction is about 50%. The city has over 53 plants, mines and factories. ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih, owned by ArcelorMittal since 2005, is the largest private company by revenue in Ukraine, producing over 7 million tonnes of crude steel, and mined over 17 million tonnes of iron ore. As of 2011, the company employed about 37 000 people. …

Landmarks

Kryvyi Rih's buildings display a variety of architectural styles, ranging from eclecticism to contemporary architecture. The widespread use of red brick and block apartments characterize the city. Much of the architecture in the city was built during its prosperous days as a center for the ore trade. Just outside the immediate city center is a large number of former factories. Some have been totally destroyed. Others are in desperate need of restoration. Stalinist architecture was the predominant style of postwar apartments, of 5 to 7 stories. City Hall is the best example of The decree On liquidation of excesses. Khrushchyovka are a type of low-cost, concrete-paneled or brick three- to five-storied apartment building which was developed in the USSR during the early 1960s. They are named after Nikita Khrushchev, then premier of the Soviet government. …

Kryvyy Rih

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